Fig. 1

Marginal probabilities of past-year physical IPV at each wealth level, stratified by vanguard WEE (n = 184,621). Note: Generated by logistic mixed effects models accounting for survey weighting, country fixed effects, strata and community random effects, adjusting for total WEE items, age, age of marriage, parity, wealth, rurality, country GDP, and allowing for random slopes for vanguard across communities